JUPITER
Sept 5, 2009
In the last three week the local weather conditions have been more favorable for Lunar and Planetary seeing conditions. After a long period of dismal cloudy weather I have been able to view and image Jupiter. With my latest image from August, 26, 2009 UT and the WinJUPOS program I have refined the longitude of the white Oval in the SSTBs edge, just intruding in the SSTZ.. Another change is the longitude of the GRS to SYS II 138, as reported by the Jupiter Section of the ALPO.This is the last time the Wesley Impact will appear in my list it is becoming difficult to view. Although the Oval BA postion is listed, the longitude of 323 it is an very old measurement. I have not had a chance to confirm it’s present longitudal position.
Don’t forget to look for the Mutual Occultations and Eclipse of Jupiter’s Moon. During September 2009 there are a number of days when they will be visible locally.
Finally if you are up early in the morning take a gander at the Waning crescent moon passing by Mars and Venus September 13- 18, 2009, some beautiful pairings in the morning sky.
2009 / 9 / 5 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 3.52 SYS II= 11.6
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 3:29 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 13:24 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 23:20 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8:35 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18:30 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5:38 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15:33 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 0:28 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 10:24 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 20:20 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 6 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 161.72 SYS II= 162.07
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 9:15 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 19:11 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4:26 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14:21 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1:29 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11:24 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 21:20 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 6:15 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 16:11 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 7 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 319.57 SYS II= 312.19
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 5: 7 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 15: 3 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 0:17 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 10:13 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 20: 9 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 7:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 17:12 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 2: 7 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 12: 2 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 21:58 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 8 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 117.42 SYS II= 102.66
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 0:58 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 10:54 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 20:49 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 6: 4 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16: 0 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 3: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 13: 3 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 22:58 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 7:53 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 17:49 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 9 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 275.63 SYS II= 253.13
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 6:45 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 16:40 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 1:55 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 11:51 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 21:46 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 8:54 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 18:49 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 3:44 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 13:40 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 23:36 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 10 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 73.13 SYS II= 43.24
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 2:36 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 12:32 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 22:28 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 7:42 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 17:38 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 4:45 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 14:41 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 9:32 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 19:27 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 11 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 231.33 SYS II= 193.71
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 8:23 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 18:19 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 3:33 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 13:29 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 23:25 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 0:36 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 10:32 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 20:28 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 5:23 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 15:18 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 12 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 29.18 SYS II= 343.83
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 4:15 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 14:10 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 9:21 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 19:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 6:24 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 16:19 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 1:14 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 11:10 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 21: 6 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 13 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 187.38 SYS II= 134.65
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 0: 5 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 10: 1 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 19:56 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 5:11 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 15: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 2:14 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 12:10 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 22: 5 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 7: 0 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 16:56 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 14 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 345.23 SYS II= 284.77
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 5:52 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 15:48 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 1: 3 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 10:58 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 20:54 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 8: 1 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 17:57 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 2:52 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 12:48 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 22:43 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 15 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 143.09 SYS II= 74.88
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 1:44 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 11:40 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 21:35 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 6:50 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16:46 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 3:53 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 13:49 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 23:44 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 8:39 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 18:35 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 16 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 301.29 SYS II= 225.35
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 7:31 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 17:26 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 2:41 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 12:37 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 22:32 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 9:40 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 19:35 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 4:30 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 14:26 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 17 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 99.14 SYS II= 15.82
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 3:22 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 13:17 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 23:13 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8:28 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18:23 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5:31 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15:26 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 0:21 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 10:17 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 20:13 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 18 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 256.99 SYS II= 165.94
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 9: 9 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 138) transits at 19: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4:19 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14:15 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1:22 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11:18 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 21:14 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 6: 9 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 29) in SSTZ / SSTB transits at 16: 4 U.T.
August 21, 2009
The Wesley Impact Scar
It has been a month since a small solar system body collided into Jupiter’s South Polar Region, SPR, and created the dark mark discovered by Anthony Wesley. Since then Wesley Impact Scar, as it has become to be referred to, has change in size and visual appearance. Beginning as a dark black patch in the SPR has gradually spread out into a long streak by the winds in the atmosphere of Jupiter. In doing the dark intensity of the debris has decreased enough to make visual sighting difficult. Most trained observer of the planet are able to spot it, those new to the visual appearance of the cloud features of Jupiter have a hard task seeing the remnants of the impact scar. My own observations found it difficult until it was near the central meridian. Nonetheless imagers of the planet continue to capture with little difficulty. There are many fine examples in the ALPO Jupiter web site newsletter, http://mysite.verizon.net/macdouc/alpo/jovenews.htm and much more in the Jupiter Yahoo Group.
The central meridian transit of the Wesley Impact Scar and other features of Jupiter are following this note.
The Dance of the Moons of Jupiter
Regular observers of Jupiter are familiar with the transits of Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto across the face of Jupiter. Watching those dark circular shadows cast onto the atmosphere make their way across the face of the planet is an impressive sight to see. The view of a moon as it begins or ends a transit is an even more remarkable sight to see. Before the moon moves from the edge of Jupiter’s disk to the background of the sky the outline of the moon’s disk is clearly visible. Watching one of the moons pass into the shadow of Jupiter and slowly diminish in brightness before disappearing is also thrilling to witness.
This year and the next you can look for line of sight interactions of one moon and another. These are known as the mutual events between the moons that occur every six years as the equator of Jupiter is situated on the orbital plane of its 12-year path around the Sun. Two types of events can be observed; an occultation is the easier one to see. These are more than just close passages of one moon to another. During an occultation one moon will pass in front of another from our line of sight. A pass can range from partials when only a small portion of one moon occults the other, to a total were they seem to merge as one. Eclipses are possible too, when one moon enters the shadow of another. They also range from partial eclipses to total eclipse. Keeping track of the time of the event is important. You want to start at least 30 minutes before any event.
Listings of these mutual events can be found at the U.S. Naval Observatory web site
http://asa.usno.navy.mil/SecF/Jupiter.html
Pierpaolo Ricci of Rovereto Italy has produced listings of these events on his web page.
http://www.pierpaoloricci.it/eventi/PHEMU2009gio_eng.htm
2009 / 8 / 22 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 311.84 SYS II= 66.8
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 1:51 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 11:46 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 21:42 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 7: 3 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16:59 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 4: 6 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 14: 2 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 23:58 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 0: 6 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 10: 2 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 19:58 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 23 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 109.34 SYS II= 216.91
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 7:38 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 17:34 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 2:55 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 12:51 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 22:46 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 9:54 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 19:49 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 5:54 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 15:49 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 24 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 267.89 SYS II= 7.38
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 3:29 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 13:25 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 23:20 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8:42 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18:37 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5:45 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15:40 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 1:45 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 11:40 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 21:36 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 25 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 65.39 SYS II= 157.85
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 9:16 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 19:11 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4:33 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14:28 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1:36 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11:31 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 21:27 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 7:31 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 17:27 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 26 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 223.59 SYS II= 308.32
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 5: 7 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 15: 2 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 0:24 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 10:19 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 20:15 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 7:22 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 17:18 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 3:22 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 13:18 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 23:14 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 27 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 21.8 SYS II= 98.44
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 0:58 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 10:54 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 20:50 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 6:11 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 3:14 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 13:10 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 23: 5 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 9:10 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 19: 5 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 28 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 179.65 SYS II= 248.91
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 6:45 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 16:41 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 2: 2 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 11:58 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 21:53 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 9: 1 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 18:56 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 5: 1 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 14:56 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 29 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 337.85 SYS II= 39.38
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 2:36 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 12:32 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 22:27 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 7:49 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 17:44 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 4:52 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 14:47 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 0:52 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 10:47 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 20:43 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 30 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 135.7 SYS II= 189.84
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 8:23 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 18:18 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 3:40 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 13:36 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 23:31 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 0:43 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 10:38 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 20:34 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 6:39 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 16:34 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 31 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 293.91 SYS II= 339.96
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 4:14 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 14:10 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 9:27 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 19:23 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 6:30 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 16:26 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 2:30 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 12:26 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 22:21 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 1 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 91.41 SYS II= 130.08
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 0: 6 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 10: 2 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 19:57 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 5:19 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 15:14 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 2:22 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 12:17 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 22:13 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 8:17 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 18:13 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 2 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 249.61 SYS II= 280.9
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 5:52 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 15:48 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 1: 9 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 11: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 21: 1 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 8: 8 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 18: 3 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 4: 8 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 14: 4 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 23:59 U.T.
2009 / 9 / 3 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 47.46 SYS II= 71.02
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 1:44 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 11:39 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 21:35 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 6:56 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16:52 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 3:59 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 13:55 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 23:51 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 9:55 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 19:51 U.T.
August 1, 2009 Transit Times of Jupiter features.
2009 / 8 / 1 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 233.09 SYS II= 148.01
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 9:32 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 19:28 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4:49 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14:45 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1:52 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11:48 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 21:43 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 7:48 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 17:43 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 2 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 30.59 SYS II= 298.48
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 5:23 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 15:19 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 0:40 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 10:36 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 20:31 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 7:39 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 17:34 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 3:39 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 13:34 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 23:30 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 3 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 189.14 SYS II= 88.95
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 1:14 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 11:10 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 21: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 6:27 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16:22 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 3:30 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 13:25 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 23:21 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 9:25 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 19:21 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 4 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 346.99 SYS II= 239.41
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 7: 1 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 16:56 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 2:18 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 12:13 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 22: 9 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 9:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 19:12 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 5:17 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 15:12 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 5 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 144.84 SYS II= 29.88
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 2:52 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 12:47 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 22:43 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18: 0 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15: 3 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 1: 8 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 11: 3 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 20:59 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 6 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 303.05 SYS II= 180
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 8:39 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 18:35 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 3:56 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 13:52 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 23:47 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 0:59 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 10:55 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 20:50 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 6:55 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 16:50 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 7 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 101.25 SYS II= 330.47
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 4:30 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 14:26 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 9:43 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 19:38 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 6:46 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 16:41 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 2:46 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 12:42 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 22:37 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 8 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 259.1 SYS II= 120.59
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 0:22 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 10:17 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 20:13 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 5:34 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 15:30 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 2:37 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 12:33 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 22:29 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 8:33 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 18:29 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 9 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 57.3 SYS II= 271.41
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 6: 8 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 16: 3 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 1:25 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 11:21 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 21:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 8:23 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 18:19 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 4:24 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 14:19 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 10 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 215.16 SYS II= 61.88
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 1:59 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 11:55 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 21:50 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 7:12 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 17: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 4:15 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 14:10 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 0:15 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 10:10 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 20: 6 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 11 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 13.36 SYS II= 212.34
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 7:46 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 17:41 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 3: 3 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 12:58 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 22:54 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 0: 6 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 10: 1 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 19:57 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 6: 1 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 15:57 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 12 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 171.21 SYS II= 2.46
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 3:37 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 13:33 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 23:29 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8:50 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18:46 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5:53 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15:49 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 1:53 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 11:49 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 21:44 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 13 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 329.41 SYS II= 152.93
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 9:24 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 19:20 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4:41 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14:37 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1:44 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11:40 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 21:35 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 7:40 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 17:35 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 14 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 127.27 SYS II= 303.4
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 5:15 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 15:11 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 0:32 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 10:28 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 20:23 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 7:31 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 17:26 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 3:31 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 13:26 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 23:22 U.T.
Schedule Updated on July 24, 2009. Using CM II longitude of 216 degrees.
Possible Impact on Jupiter or a very dark spot. See July 19 2009 www.spaceweather.com for discovery and picture. In the mean time here are UT date and time the spot can be seen. Provided by, author of WinJupOS. Taken from from Jupiter Yahoo group.
Hans-Joerg Mettig, Kirchzartener Str. 28,
D-79117 Freiburg im Breisgau
http://jupos.org
WinJUPOS 8.1.8 (Jupiter), C.M. transit times, 2009.07.19 19:17
Object longitude: L2 = 216,0° + 0,0000°/d * (T – 2009 Aug 01,5)
Time interval: 2009 Jul 19,0 … 2009 Aug 01,0
Output format: Date UT (C.M. of System 2)
——————————————————————————
2009 Jul 19 06:09 ( 216°) 16:05 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 20 02:00 ( 216°) 11:56 ( 216°) 21:52 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 21 07:47 ( 216°) 17:43 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 22 03:38 ( 216°) 13:34 ( 216°) 23:30 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 23 09:25 ( 216°) 19:21 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 24 05:16 ( 216°) 15:12 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 25 01:08 ( 216°) 11:03 ( 216°) 20:59 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 26 06:54 ( 216°) 16:50 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 27 02:45 ( 216°) 12:41 ( 216°) 22:37 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 28 08:32 ( 216°) 18:28 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 29 04:23 ( 216°) 14:19 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 30 00:15 ( 216°) 10:10 ( 216°) 20:06 ( 216°)
2009 Jul 31 06:01 ( 216°) 15:57 ( 216°)
——————————————————————————
PS this is not the same as the white oval in the SSTB.
I go away for the weekend and this happens!
As of July 2009 the color of the GRS is noticable dimmer than the previous year. It will take a very keen eye to see the shape of Oval BA. No longer a bright orange hue the oval will take some effort to see.
July 2009
The planet Jupiter, whose atmospheric features are easy to see in modest telescopes, is rising earlier in July. Rising above the eastern horizon at 11:00 p.m. the first week of July and by 9:00 p.m. the last week of July. To get a good view of the many different cloud types on the planet, Jupiter must be 15 degrees or more above the horizon.
What can you see? Then two dark equatorial belts in the north and south show up in the smallest of scopes. Examine them for fine detail in and around them. The GRS Red Spot is on the southern edge of the South Equatorial Belt within the South Tropical Zone. This large oval shaped storm system varies in color and brightness. This year it is a pale orange hue, making it a little difficult to see. A darker string of clouds outlines its position in the Red Spot Hollow. The current longitude position is 134 degrees in the System II rotation stream. It will slowly drift in the wind currents, increasing or decreasing in longitude over time.
The newly formed oval BA, created from the merger of three long lasting ovals name BC, DE, and FA, at one time was nearly as colorful as the GRS. Presently it has lost most of that hue and may be difficult to see as a pale white oval.
These transit listings for both the GRS and oval BA will provide a time frame when they are near the central meridian, the north -south line, of the planet. Better time frames can be determined by visually measuring when the center of the GRS or oval BA crosses the central meridian of Jupiter.
The movements of the four Galilean Moons will pass in front of the planet, a transit, from our point of view and cast a shadow onto the cloud tops of Jupiter. Each moon displays a different appearance while in transit. Io and Europa will disappear soon after entering transit only to be betrayed by their shadow on the clouds. Ganymede and Callisto remain a darker shape while in front of Jupiter, sometimes mistaken for a shadow.
Consult the list of events to view one of these events.
Listing of the Great Red Spot,GRS, and Oval BA for the next 14 days.
Times listed are for Universal Time, U.T., and Universal Date.
2009 / 7 / 23 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 250.66 SYS II= 234.49
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 7: 9 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 17: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 2:26 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 12:22 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 22:17 U.T.
The Dark Condensation (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 9:25 U.T.
The Dark Condensation (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 19:20 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 5:25 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 15:20 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 24 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 48.52 SYS II= 24.61
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 3: 1 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 12:56 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 22:52 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8:13 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18: 9 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15:12 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 1:16 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 11:12 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 21: 8 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 25 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 206.37 SYS II= 175.08
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 8:47 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 18:43 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4: 4 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14: 0 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 23:56 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11: 3 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 20:59 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 7: 3 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 16:59 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 26 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 4.92 SYS II= 325.55
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 4:38 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 14:34 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 9:51 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 19:47 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 6:54 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 16:50 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 2:54 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 12:50 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 22:45 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 27 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 162.42 SYS II= 116.02
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 0:29 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 10:25 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 20:21 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 5:42 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 15:38 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 2:45 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 12:41 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 22:36 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 8:41 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 18:36 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 28 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 320.63 SYS II= 266.48
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 6:16 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 16:12 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 1:33 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 11:29 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 21:24 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 8:32 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 18:27 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 4:32 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 14:27 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 29 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 118.83 SYS II= 56.6
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 2: 8 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 12: 3 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 21:59 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 7:20 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 17:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 4:23 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 14:19 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 0:23 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 10:19 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 20:15 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 30 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 276.68 SYS II= 207.42
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 7:54 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 17:49 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 3:11 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 13: 6 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 23: 2 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 0:14 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 10: 9 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 20: 5 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 6: 9 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 16: 5 U.T.
2009 / 7 / 31 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 74.88 SYS II= 357.54
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 3:45 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 13:41 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 23:37 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8:58 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18:54 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 6: 1 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15:57 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 2: 1 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 11:57 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 21:52 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 1 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 233.09 SYS II= 148.01
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 9:32 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 19:28 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 4:49 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 14:45 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 1:52 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 11:48 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 21:43 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 7:48 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 17:43 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 2 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 30.59 SYS II= 298.48
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 5:23 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 15:19 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 0:40 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 10:36 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 20:31 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 7:39 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 17:34 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 3:39 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 13:34 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 23:30 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 3 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 189.14 SYS II= 88.95
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 1:14 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 11:10 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 21: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 6:27 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 16:22 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 3:30 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 13:25 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 23:21 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 9:25 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 19:21 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 4 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 346.99 SYS II= 239.41
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 7: 1 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 16:56 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 2:18 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 12:13 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 22: 9 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 9:16 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 19:12 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 5:17 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 15:12 U.T.
2009 / 8 / 5 U.T. DATE , CM AT 0:00 U.T SYS I= 144.84 SYS II= 29.88
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 2:52 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 12:47 U.T.
The GRS Spot (SYS II = 134) transits at 22:43 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 8: 5 U.T.
The Oval BA (SYS II = 323) in STZ transits at 18: 0 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 5: 7 U.T.
The Dark Impact (SYS II = 216) in SPR transits at 15: 3 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 1: 8 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 11: 3 U.T.
The White Oval (SYS II = 71) in SSTB transits at 20:59 U.T.
GALILEAN SATELLITE PHENOMENA
July 2009
Transits, Occultations, Reappearance and disappearances
from Jupiters’s limb and Jupiter’s shadow.
Table created using The Planets 2.02
A FREE program available from http://www.cpac.org.uk
All times given as Universal Time
Thu 2 Jul 2009 08:14 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Thu 2 Jul 2009 09:13 Io : Transit Begins ST
Thu 2 Jul 2009 10:32 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Thu 2 Jul 2009 11:31 Io : Transit Ends
Fri 3 Jul 2009 00:01 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 3 Jul 2009 04:54 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Fri 3 Jul 2009 05:33 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 3 Jul 2009 08:48 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Sat 4 Jul 2009 02:43 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 4 Jul 2009 03:40 Io : Transit Begins ST
Sat 4 Jul 2009 05:01 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Sat 4 Jul 2009 05:58 Io : Transit Ends
Sat 4 Jul 2009 08:35 Gan: Disappears into Eclipse
Sat 4 Jul 2009 12:14 Gan: Reappears from Eclipse
Sat 4 Jul 2009 12:24 Gan: Disappears into Occultation
Sat 4 Jul 2009 16:01 Gan: Reappears from Occultation
Sat 4 Jul 2009 19:01 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 4 Jul 2009 20:52 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Sat 4 Jul 2009 21:53 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Sat 4 Jul 2009 23:44 Eur: Transit Ends
Sun 5 Jul 2009 00:02 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Sun 5 Jul 2009 03:15 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Sun 5 Jul 2009 21:11 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sun 5 Jul 2009 22:07 Io : Transit Begins ST
Sun 5 Jul 2009 23:30 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Mon 6 Jul 2009 00:25 Io : Transit Ends
Mon 6 Jul 2009 11:00 Cal: Shadow Transit Begins S
Mon 6 Jul 2009 13:19 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse S
Mon 6 Jul 2009 15:52 Cal: Shadow Transit Ends
Mon 6 Jul 2009 18:04 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Mon 6 Jul 2009 18:30 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Mon 6 Jul 2009 19:43 Cal: Transit Begins T
Mon 6 Jul 2009 21:41 Io : Reappears from Occultation T
Tue 7 Jul 2009 00:22 Cal: Transit Ends
Tue 7 Jul 2009 15:40 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Tue 7 Jul 2009 16:33 Io : Transit Begins ST
Tue 7 Jul 2009 17:58 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Tue 7 Jul 2009 18:51 Io : Transit Ends
Tue 7 Jul 2009 22:37 Gan: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 8 Jul 2009 02:11 Gan: Transit Begins ST
Wed 8 Jul 2009 02:16 Gan: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 8 Jul 2009 05:49 Gan: Transit Ends
Wed 8 Jul 2009 08:18 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 8 Jul 2009 10:02 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Wed 8 Jul 2009 11:11 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 8 Jul 2009 12:54 Eur: Transit Ends
Wed 8 Jul 2009 12:59 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Wed 8 Jul 2009 16:08 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Thu 9 Jul 2009 10:08 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Thu 9 Jul 2009 11:00 Io : Transit Begins ST
Thu 9 Jul 2009 12:27 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Thu 9 Jul 2009 13:18 Io : Transit Ends
Fri 10 Jul 2009 02:38 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 10 Jul 2009 07:15 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Fri 10 Jul 2009 07:27 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 10 Jul 2009 10:34 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Sat 11 Jul 2009 04:37 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 11 Jul 2009 05:26 Io : Transit Begins ST
Sat 11 Jul 2009 06:55 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Sat 11 Jul 2009 07:45 Io : Transit Ends
Sat 11 Jul 2009 12:36 Gan: Disappears into Eclipse
Sat 11 Jul 2009 19:29 Gan: Reappears from Occultation
Sat 11 Jul 2009 21:36 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 11 Jul 2009 23:11 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Sun 12 Jul 2009 00:28 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Sun 12 Jul 2009 01:55 Io : Disappears into Eclipse T
Sun 12 Jul 2009 02:03 Eur: Transit Ends
Sun 12 Jul 2009 05:00 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Sun 12 Jul 2009 23:05 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sun 12 Jul 2009 23:53 Io : Transit Begins ST
Mon 13 Jul 2009 01:24 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Mon 13 Jul 2009 02:11 Io : Transit Ends
Mon 13 Jul 2009 15:56 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Mon 13 Jul 2009 20:24 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Mon 13 Jul 2009 20:24 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Mon 13 Jul 2009 23:27 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Tue 14 Jul 2009 17:34 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Tue 14 Jul 2009 18:19 Io : Transit Begins ST
Tue 14 Jul 2009 19:53 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Tue 14 Jul 2009 20:37 Io : Transit Ends
Tue 14 Jul 2009 21:19 Cal: Disappears into Eclipse
Wed 15 Jul 2009 02:07 Cal: Reappears from Eclipse
Wed 15 Jul 2009 02:37 Gan: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 15 Jul 2009 04:18 Cal: Disappears into Occultation S
Wed 15 Jul 2009 05:37 Gan: Transit Begins ST
Wed 15 Jul 2009 06:16 Gan: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 15 Jul 2009 08:53 Cal: Reappears from Occultation T
Wed 15 Jul 2009 09:14 Gan: Transit Ends
Wed 15 Jul 2009 10:53 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 15 Jul 2009 12:19 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Wed 15 Jul 2009 13:45 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 15 Jul 2009 14:52 Io : Disappears into Eclipse T
Wed 15 Jul 2009 15:11 Eur: Transit Ends
Wed 15 Jul 2009 17:53 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Thu 16 Jul 2009 12:03 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Thu 16 Jul 2009 12:46 Io : Transit Begins ST
Thu 16 Jul 2009 14:21 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Thu 16 Jul 2009 15:04 Io : Transit Ends
Fri 17 Jul 2009 05:15 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 17 Jul 2009 09:21 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 17 Jul 2009 09:34 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Fri 17 Jul 2009 12:19 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Sat 18 Jul 2009 06:31 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 18 Jul 2009 07:12 Io : Transit Begins ST
Sat 18 Jul 2009 08:50 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Sat 18 Jul 2009 09:30 Io : Transit Ends
Sat 18 Jul 2009 16:36 Gan: Disappears into Eclipse
Sat 18 Jul 2009 22:53 Gan: Reappears from Occultation
Sun 19 Jul 2009 00:10 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Sun 19 Jul 2009 01:28 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Sun 19 Jul 2009 03:02 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Sun 19 Jul 2009 03:49 Io : Disappears into Eclipse T
Sun 19 Jul 2009 04:20 Eur: Transit Ends
Sun 19 Jul 2009 06:45 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Mon 20 Jul 2009 01:00 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Mon 20 Jul 2009 01:38 Io : Transit Begins ST
Mon 20 Jul 2009 03:18 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Mon 20 Jul 2009 03:56 Io : Transit Ends
Mon 20 Jul 2009 18:33 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Mon 20 Jul 2009 22:18 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Mon 20 Jul 2009 22:43 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Tue 21 Jul 2009 01:12 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Tue 21 Jul 2009 19:29 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Tue 21 Jul 2009 20:04 Io : Transit Begins ST
Tue 21 Jul 2009 21:47 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Tue 21 Jul 2009 22:23 Io : Transit Ends
Wed 22 Jul 2009 06:36 Gan: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 22 Jul 2009 08:58 Gan: Transit Begins ST
Wed 22 Jul 2009 10:16 Gan: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 22 Jul 2009 12:36 Gan: Transit Ends
Wed 22 Jul 2009 13:27 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 22 Jul 2009 14:35 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Wed 22 Jul 2009 16:19 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 22 Jul 2009 16:46 Io : Disappears into Eclipse T
Wed 22 Jul 2009 17:27 Eur: Transit Ends
Wed 22 Jul 2009 19:38 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Thu 23 Jul 2009 05:11 Cal: Shadow Transit Begins S
Thu 23 Jul 2009 10:02 Cal: Shadow Transit Ends
Thu 23 Jul 2009 10:35 Cal: Transit Begins T
Thu 23 Jul 2009 13:57 Io : Shadow Transit Begins ST
Thu 23 Jul 2009 14:31 Io : Transit Begins STT
Thu 23 Jul 2009 15:13 Cal: Transit Ends ST
Thu 23 Jul 2009 16:16 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Thu 23 Jul 2009 16:49 Io : Transit Ends
Fri 24 Jul 2009 07:52 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 24 Jul 2009 11:15 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 24 Jul 2009 11:52 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Fri 24 Jul 2009 14:04 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Sat 25 Jul 2009 08:26 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 25 Jul 2009 08:57 Io : Transit Begins ST
Sat 25 Jul 2009 10:44 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Sat 25 Jul 2009 11:15 Io : Transit Ends
Sat 25 Jul 2009 20:36 Gan: Disappears into Eclipse
Sun 26 Jul 2009 02:14 Gan: Reappears from Occultation
Sun 26 Jul 2009 02:45 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Sun 26 Jul 2009 03:43 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Sun 26 Jul 2009 05:37 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Sun 26 Jul 2009 05:43 Io : Disappears into Eclipse T
Sun 26 Jul 2009 06:35 Eur: Transit Ends
Sun 26 Jul 2009 08:30 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Mon 27 Jul 2009 02:54 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Mon 27 Jul 2009 03:23 Io : Transit Begins ST
Mon 27 Jul 2009 05:13 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Mon 27 Jul 2009 05:41 Io : Transit Ends
Mon 27 Jul 2009 21:10 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Tue 28 Jul 2009 00:12 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Tue 28 Jul 2009 01:00 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Tue 28 Jul 2009 02:56 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Tue 28 Jul 2009 21:23 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Tue 28 Jul 2009 21:49 Io : Transit Begins ST
Tue 28 Jul 2009 23:42 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 29 Jul 2009 00:07 Io : Transit Ends
Wed 29 Jul 2009 10:37 Gan: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 29 Jul 2009 12:17 Gan: Transit Begins ST
Wed 29 Jul 2009 14:17 Gan: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 29 Jul 2009 15:55 Gan: Transit Ends
Wed 29 Jul 2009 16:02 Eur: Shadow Transit Begins S
Wed 29 Jul 2009 16:50 Eur: Transit Begins ST
Wed 29 Jul 2009 18:40 Io : Disappears into Eclipse ST
Wed 29 Jul 2009 18:54 Eur: Shadow Transit Ends T
Wed 29 Jul 2009 19:42 Eur: Transit Ends
Wed 29 Jul 2009 21:22 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Thu 30 Jul 2009 15:52 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Thu 30 Jul 2009 16:15 Io : Transit Begins ST
Thu 30 Jul 2009 18:10 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Thu 30 Jul 2009 18:33 Io : Transit Ends
Fri 31 Jul 2009 10:29 Eur: Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 31 Jul 2009 13:09 Io : Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 31 Jul 2009 14:08 Eur: Reappears from Occultation
Fri 31 Jul 2009 15:28 Cal: Disappears into Eclipse
Fri 31 Jul 2009 15:48 Io : Reappears from Occultation
Fri 31 Jul 2009 23:27 Cal: Reappears from Occultation
Sat 1 Aug 2009 10:21 Io : Shadow Transit Begins S
Sat 1 Aug 2009 10:41 Io : Transit Begins ST
Sat 1 Aug 2009 12:39 Io : Shadow Transit Ends T
Sat 1 Aug 2009 12:59 Io : Transit Ends
eg: “SST” indicates a triple event. 2 shadow-transits and 1 moon-transit
DISCLAIMER: The above table is for indicative purposes only.
Times may differ by a minute or two to those quoted in the
Astronomical Almanac.
Lunar Observing
When it comes to viewing a diverse variety of terrain our moon has it. Craters come in all types, but there is more to the moon than craters. The right lighting conditions and the rocking, or librations, also comes into play when observing the lunar terrain. Observing the moon is always an enjoyable experience. In the last fifteen years interest in lunar observing has been rebounding. And why not, it’s close and easy to find, obviously. New exploration by spacecraft from more than one county’s space agency is spurring up more interest in the astronomy community.
In the commercial market, software aimed at amateur astronomers that identifying lunar terrain features and viewing conditions had been slow to developed. Now they are readily available along with new charts designed for use at the telescope eyepiece. As with most observing targets, there are list of the best, largest, or most difficult in a class. Mostly found on web pages of individuals or an amateur astronomy organization. The Astronomical League has developed a Lunar Observing Award Certificate program.
One developed by Dr. Charles Wood and marketed by Sky Publishing Co. has generated a large following. Unlike most lists, The Lunar 100 is a list of the different lunar features in order of difficulty, including a description of each item. A lunar map of the whole moon identifies the location of each. Maps of a larger scale are needed to identify most of the higher numbered items.
Other fine reference I’ve come across include the pdf publication Observing The Lunar 100, that can be downloaded from http://www.kerryastronomyclub.com/lunar100.htm, and personal web pages aimed at photographing all of the L100 features. A recent addition is one by Mike Morris, at http://almiraobservatory.awardspace.com/OBSLUNAR100.html
While the highest numbered object may be challenging and take time, I still keep at it. Just recently I was able to see L100 with my TV101 f/5.4 and employing a magnification of 98X. Knowing what to look for was imperative; otherwise I would not have seen it.
Good Viewing!
Variable Stars
Epsilion Aurigae
One of the key projects of the International Year of Astronomy 2009 is the monitoring of the very long period eclipsing variable star Epsilon Aurigae. This campaign is the cooperation of the IYA the AAVSO, American Association of Variable Star Observers, world wide Variable Star Observers organizations and many professional astronomers and observatories. This naked eye star has an unusual companion that eclipses the primary every 27 years. The exact type and nature of the companion has been the conjecture for over 175 years. The AAVSO has more details at this web site http://www.aavso.org/vstar/vsots/eps_aur.shtml
One IYA project goal is to get ordinary citizen worldwide to observe and report Epsilon Aurigae estimated magnitude brightness to a dedicated web page. The site provides information on how to find and how to determine the magnitude of the star. Point your browser to http://www.citizensky.org for the all the details. Navigate to the Getting Started then Observing portion of the web page where you can download the file 10startutorial.pdf. All of the information is in the PDF file to begin observing 10 variable stars throughout the year and where to report online. You must register to submit observations. Here’s a short cut http://www.citizensky.org/content/how-observe
What kind of equipment is required? None at all! Magnitude values are determined by eye alone. For the more serious amateur with the right equipment, software and experience photometric magnitude values can be submitted to the observing campaign. More insight about this can be found on Jeff Hopkins http://www.hposoft.com/Campaign09.html web site.
Epsilon Aurigae timeline
CALENDAR OF ECLIPSE EVENTS:
2009 Aug 6th – predicted start of eclipse, rising with sun as a morning star
2009 Nov/Dec – eps Aur transits at midnight –> evening star
2009 Dec 21 – predicted start of totality, evening star
2010 May – eps Aur setting with the sun, mid eclipse brightening?
2010 Aug 1st – predicted time of mid-eclipse, early morning star
2010 autumn – end of mid-eclipse brightening?
2010 Nov/Dec – eps Aur transits at midnight –> evening star
2011 March 12 – predicted end of totality, evening star
2011 May 15 – predicted end of eclipse, next one starts in 2036.
Go ahead, get involved. It’s a little more complicated the The Globe at Night program.
I am all ready submitting observations of the stars in the 10 Star Tutorial PDF. Time for you to begin!
Good Viewing!
Java Program back online
For those that have been asking the java script program that I modified to include a few Eclipsing binary and Cepheid variable stars is once more avialable. Follow this link. http://lackawannaastronomicalsociety.org/varstar.htm
Good Viewing.
